A microbial biorefinery provides new insight into how bacteria regulate genes Microorganisms that can break down plant biomass into the precursors of biodiesel or other commodity chemicals might one day be used to produce alternatives to petroleum. But the potential of this "biorefinery" technology is limited by the fact that most microorganisms cannot break down lignin, a highly stable polymer that makes up as much as a third of plant
Biochemistry Source: Brown University
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Friday, Feb 15, 2013, 2:45pm Rating: | Views: 2065 | Comments: 0
New details on the molecular machinery of cancer Researchers with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Berkeley Lab) and the University of California (UC) Berkeley have provided important new details into the activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a cell surface protein that has been strongly linked to a large number of cancers and is a major target of cancer therapies.
Biochemistry Source: DOE/Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
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Tuesday, Feb 12, 2013, 4:15pm Rating: | Views: 1337 | Comments: 0
Protein 'filmed' while unfolding at atomic resolution By combining low temperatures and NMR spectroscopy, the scientists visualized seven intermediate forms of the CylR2 protein while cooling it down from 25°C to -16°C. Their results show that the most instable intermediate form plays a key role in protein folding. The scientists' findings may contribute to a better understanding of how proteins adopt their structure and misfold during illness.
Biochemistry Source: Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres
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Tuesday, Feb 12, 2013, 11:30am Rating: | Views: 1676 | Comments: 0
Scientists solve mercury mystery By identifying two genes required for transforming inorganic into organic mercury, which is far more toxic, scientists today have taken a significant step toward protecting human health.
Biochemistry Source: DOE/Oak Ridge National Laboratory
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Friday, Feb 08, 2013, 12:45pm Rating: | Views: 1351 | Comments: 0
Biochemistry Source: Salk Institute
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Monday, Feb 04, 2013, 8:15am Rating: | Views: 1605 | Comments: 0
Researchers unveil first artificial enzyme created by evolution in a test tube There's a wobbly new biochemical structure in Burckhard Seelig's lab at the University of Minnesota that may resemble what enzymes looked like billions of years ago, when life on earth began to evolve – long before they became ingredients for new and improved products, from detergents to foods and fuels.
Biochemistry Source: University of Minnesota
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Thursday, Jan 31, 2013, 11:15am Rating: | Views: 2940 | Comments: 0
'Super' enzyme protects against dangers of oxygen Just like a comic book super hero, you could say that the enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD1) has a secret identity. Since its discovery in 1969, scientists believed SOD1's only role was to protect living cells against damage from free radicals. Now, researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health have discovered that SOD1 protects cells by regulating cell energy and metabolism.
Biochemistry Source: Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health
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Wednesday, Jan 30, 2013, 1:30pm Rating: | Views: 1314 | Comments: 0
Vitamin D holds promise in battling a deadly breast cancer In research published in the Jan. 21 issue of The Journal of Cell Biology, a team led by Susana Gonzalo, Ph.D., assistant professor of biochemistry and molecular biology at Saint Louis University, has discovered a molecular pathway that contributes to triple-negative breast cancer, an often deadly and treatment resistant form of cancer that tends to strike younger women. In add
Cancer Source: Saint Louis University
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Thursday, Jan 24, 2013, 8:15am Rating: | Views: 1365 | Comments: 0
Odd biochemistry yields lethal bacterial protein While working out the structure of a cell-killing protein produced by some strains of the bacterium Enterococcus faecalis, researchers stumbled on a bit of unusual biochemistry. They found that a single enzyme helps form distinctly different, three-dimensional ring structures in the protein, one of which had never been observed before.
Biochemistry Source: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
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Wednesday, Jan 23, 2013, 2:30pm Rating: | Views: 1395 | Comments: 0
Protein folding via charge zippers Membrane proteins are the "molecular machines" in biological cell envelopes. They control diverse processes, such as the transport of molecules across the lipid membrane, signal transduction, and photosynthesis.
Biochemistry Source: Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres
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Tuesday, Jan 22, 2013, 8:00am Rating: | Views: 1254 | Comments: 0
Biochemistry Source: Scripps Research Institute
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Tuesday, Jan 15, 2013, 2:15pm Rating: | Views: 1454 | Comments: 0
Researchers see surprising twist to protein misfolding An effort to develop software that unravels the complexities of how proteins fold is paying dividends in new findings on how they misfold, according to researchers at Rice University.
Biochemistry Source: Rice University
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Tuesday, Jan 15, 2013, 2:00pm Rating: | Views: 1410 | Comments: 0
Cancer suppressor gene links metabolism with cellular aging It is perhaps impossible to overstate the importance of the tumor suppressor gene p53. It is the single most frequently mutated gene in human tumors. p53 keeps pre-cancerous cells in check by causing cells, among other things, to become senescent – aging at the cellular level. Loss of p53 causes cells to ignore the cellular signals that would normally make mutant or damaged cells di
Biochemistry Source: University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
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Monday, Jan 14, 2013, 11:45am Rating: | Views: 2382 | Comments: 0
Video: Virus caught in the act of infecting a cell The detailed changes in the structure of a virus as it infects an E. coli bacterium have been observed for the first time, report researchers from The University of Texas at Austin and The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UT Health) Medical School this week in Science Express.
Biochemistry Source: University of Texas at Austin
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Friday, Jan 11, 2013, 1:30pm Rating: | Views: 3248 | Comments: 0
Biochemistry Source: Walter and Eliza Hall Institute
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Thursday, Jan 10, 2013, 12:45pm Rating: | Views: 1340 | Comments: 0
Protein production: Going viral A research team of scientists from EMBL Grenoble and the IGBMC in Strasbourg, France, have, for the first time, described in molecular detail the architecture of the central scaffold of TFIID: the human protein complex essential for transcription from DNA to mRNA. The study, published today in Nature, opens new perspectives in the study of transcription and of the structure and mechanism of
Biochemistry Source: European Molecular Biology Laboratory
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Tuesday, Jan 08, 2013, 10:30am Rating: | Views: 1234 | Comments: 0
Staphylococcus aureus: Why it just gets up your nose! A collaboration between researchers at the School of Biochemistry and Immunology and the Department of Microbiology at Trinity College Dublin has identified a mechanism by which the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) colonizes our nasal passages. The study, published today in the Open Access journal PLOS Pathogens, shows for the first time that a protein located on th
Microbiology Source: Public Library of Science
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Thursday, Jan 03, 2013, 8:15am Rating: | Views: 1467 | Comments: 0
Unlocking new talents in nature Protein engineers at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) have tapped into a hidden talent of one of nature's most versatile catalysts. The enzyme cytochrome P450 is nature's premier oxidation catalyst—a protein that typically promotes reactions that add oxygen atoms to other chemicals. Now the Caltech researchers have engineered new versions of the enzyme, unlocking i
Biochemistry Source: California Institute of Technology
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Friday, Dec 21, 2012, 2:30pm Rating: | Views: 1440 | Comments: 0
Poison for cancer cells In their quest for new agents, pharmaceutical researchers test millions of substances all over the world. They like using color-forming reactions to identify new molecules. However, in intensively colored solutions or in the case of mixtures with multiple substances these tests fail.
Biochemistry Source: Technische Universitaet Muenchen
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Friday, Dec 21, 2012, 1:15pm Rating: | Views: 1504 | Comments: 0
Study paves way to design drugs aimed at multiple protein targets at once An international research collaboration led by scientists at the University of North Carolina School of Medicine and the University of Dundee, in the U.K., have developed a way to efficiently and effectively make designer drugs that hit multiple protein targets at once.
Biochemistry Source: University of North Carolina Health Care
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Thursday, Dec 13, 2012, 12:15pm Rating: | Views: 1162 | Comments: 0
Experiment finds ulcer bug's Achilles' heel Experiments at the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory have revealed a potential new way to attack common stomach bacteria that cause ulcers and significantly increase the odds of developing stomach cancer.
Biochemistry Source: DOE/SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
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Tuesday, Dec 11, 2012, 8:45am Rating: | Views: 1563 | Comments: 0
Biochemists trap a chaperone machine in action Molecular chaperones have emerged as exciting new potential drug targets, because scientists want to learn how to stop cancer cells, for example, from using chaperones to enable their uncontrolled growth. Now a team of biochemists at the University of Massachusetts Amherst led by Lila Gierasch have deciphered key steps in the mechanism of the Hsp70 molecular machine by "trapping"
Biochemistry Source: University of Massachusetts at Amherst
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Friday, Dec 07, 2012, 12:45pm Rating: | Views: 1183 | Comments: 0
Biophysicists unravel cellular 'traffic jams' in active transport Inside many growing cells, an active transport system runs on nano-sized microtubule tracks that resemble a highway, complete with motors carrying cargo quickly from a central supply depot to growing tips or wherever materials are needed. In spite of the cell's busy, high-traffic environment, researchers know the system somehow works efficiently, without accidents or traffic jams.
Biochemistry Source: University of Massachusetts at Amherst
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Tuesday, Dec 04, 2012, 2:00pm Rating: | Views: 1199 | Comments: 0
Rules devised for building ideal protein molecules from scratch By following certain rules, scientists can prepare architectural plans for building ideal protein molecules not found in the real world. Based on these computer renditions, previously non-existent proteins can be produced from scratch in the lab. The principles to make this happen appear this month in Nature magazine.
Biochemistry Source: University of Washington
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Friday, Nov 30, 2012, 8:45am Rating: | Views: 5155 | Comments: 0
Study reveals the proteins expressed by human cytomegalovirus New findings reveal the surprisingly complex protein-coding capacity of the human cytomegalovirus, or HCMV, and provide the first steps toward understanding how the virus manipulates human cells during infection. The genome of the HCMV was first sequenced over 20 years ago, but researchers have now investigated the proteome—the complete set of expressed proteins—of this common pathogen as well.
Biochemistry Source: American Association for the Advancement of Science
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Friday, Nov 23, 2012, 8:15am Rating: | Views: 1335 | Comments: 0
Biochemistry Source: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
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Thursday, Nov 22, 2012, 2:00pm Rating: | Views: 1727 | Comments: 0
Novel mechanism through which normal stromal cells become cancer-promoting cells identified New understanding of molecular changes that convert harmless cells surrounding ovarian cancer cells into cells that promote tumor growth and metastasis provides potential new therapeutic targets for this deadly disease, according to data published in Cancer Discovery, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research.
Biochemistry Source: American Association for Cancer Research
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Thursday, Nov 22, 2012, 11:00am Rating: | Views: 1231 | Comments: 0
Yeast protein breaks up amyloid fibrils and disease protein clumps differently Several fatal brain disorders, including Parkinson's disease, are connected by the misfolding of specific proteins into disordered clumps and stable, insoluble fibrils called amyloid. Amyloid fibrils are hard to break up due to their stable, ordered structure. For example, α-synuclein forms amyloid fibrils that accumulate in Lewy Bodies in Parkinson's disease. By contrast, prot
Biochemistry Source: University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
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Tuesday, Nov 20, 2012, 5:45pm Rating: | Views: 1451 | Comments: 0
Location, location, location: Membrane 'residence' gives proteases novel abilities Johns Hopkins scientists have discovered a new mode of action for enzymes immersed in cellular membranes. Their experiments suggest that instead of recognizing and clipping proteins based on sequences of amino acids, these proteases' location within membranes gives them the unique ability to recognize and cut proteins with unstable structures.
Biochemistry Source: Johns Hopkins Medicine
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Tuesday, Nov 20, 2012, 8:45am Rating: | Views: 1212 | Comments: 0
Scientists reveal key protein interactions involved in neurodegenerative disease Scientists from the Florida campus of The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) have defined the molecular structure of an enzyme as it interacts with several proteins involved in outcomes that can influence neurodegenerative disease and insulin resistance. The enzymes in question, which play a critical role in nerve cell (neuron) survival, are among the most prized tar
Biochemistry Source: Scripps Research Institute
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Friday, Nov 09, 2012, 12:45pm Rating: | Views: 1274 | Comments: 0