Hi Everyone!

I'm looiking for a PhD (Chemistry) opportunity in UK, Aussie or New Zealand. I don't know much about applying for them. I do know a PhD in US will take 5 years and the three countries i've mentioned only takes 3 years. So are they're any special requirements (like an internationally published research papaer) that will help me get a schoarship for a PhD in these three conutries??

I know UK and Aussie are good countries to get placementss in, but i don't know so much about NZ, does anyone know?

Also should if i do my IELTS exam will it also be valid if i want to apply to US? (I think they want us to take TOEFL)

And if there's anything else i should know, please i would really like your advice a lot.

Thanks!! :)