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Vicious cycle: Obesity sustained by changes in brain biochemistry
With obesity reaching epidemic levels in some parts of the world, scientists have only begun to understand why it is such a persistent condition. A study in the Journal of Biological Chemistry adds substantially to the story by reporting the discovery of a molecular chain of events in the brains of obese rats that undermined their ability to suppress ap
Neuroscience
Source: Brown University
Posted on: Friday, May 17, 2013, 12:00pm
Rating: | Views: 1995 | Comments: 0
Promising treatment for progeria within reach
"This study is a breakthrough for our research group after years of work. When we reduce the production of the enzyme in mice, the development of all the clinical symptoms of progeria is reduced or blocked. We have also studied cultured cells from children with progeria, and can see that when the enzyme is inhibited, the growth of the cells increases by the same mechanism as in mouse cells," says
Molecular Biology
Source: University of Gothenburg
Posted on: Friday, May 17, 2013, 10:45am
Rating: | Views: 2176 | Comments: 0
Same musicians: Brand new tune
A small ensemble of musicians can produce an infinite number of melodies, harmonies and rhythms. So too, do a handful of workhorse signaling pathways that interact to construct multiple structures that comprise the vertebrate body. In fact, crosstalk between two of those pathways—those governed by proteins known as Notch and BMP (for Bone Morphogenetic Protein) receptors—occurs ove
Molecular Biology
Source: Stowers Institute for Medical Research
Posted on: Wednesday, May 15, 2013, 12:15pm
Rating: | Views: 7811 | Comments: 0
Out of sync with the world: Body clocks of depressed people are altered at cell level
Every cell in our bodies runs on a 24-hour clock, tuned to the night-day, light-dark cycles that have ruled us since the dawn of humanity. The brain acts as timekeeper, keeping the cellular clock in sync with the outside world so that it can govern our appetites, sleep, moods and much more.
Molecular Biology
Source: University of Michigan Health System
Posted on: Tuesday, May 14, 2013, 8:30am
Rating: | Views: 2357 | Comments: 0
Research on cilia heats up: Implications for hearing, vision loss and kidney disease
Experiments at Johns Hopkins have unearthed clues about which protein signaling molecules are allowed into hollow, hair-like "antennae," called cilia, that alert cells to critical changes in their environments.
Molecular Biology
Source: Johns Hopkins Medicine
Posted on: Monday, May 13, 2013, 4:30pm
Rating: | Views: 2457 | Comments: 0
Using bacteria to stop malaria
Mosquitoes are deadly efficient disease transmitters. Research conducted at Michigan State University, however, demonstrates that they also can be equally adept in curing diseases such as malaria.
Molecular Biology
Source: Michigan State University
Posted on: Monday, May 13, 2013, 8:30am
Rating: | Views: 1912 | Comments: 0
Studies generate comprehensive list of genes required by innate system to defend sex cells
Two teams of investigators led by Professor Gregory Hannon of Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (CSHL) today publish studies revealing many previously unknown components of an innate system that defends sex cells – the carriers of inheritance across generations – from the ravages of transposable genetic elements.
Molecular Biology
Source: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
Posted on: Monday, May 13, 2013, 8:00am
Rating: | Views: 2048 | Comments: 0
Scientists find key to gene-silencing activity
A team led by scientists at The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI) has found how to boost or inhibit a gene-silencing mechanism that normally serves as a major controller of cells' activities. The discovery could lead to a powerful new class of drugs against viral infections, cancers and other diseases.
Molecular Biology
Source: Scripps Research Institute
Posted on: Sunday, May 12, 2013, 5:45pm
Rating: | Views: 1768 | Comments: 0
Researchers describe how breast cancer cells acquire drug resistance
A seven-year quest to understand how breast cancer cells resist treatment with the targeted therapy lapatinib has revealed a previously unknown molecular network that regulates cell death. The discovery provides new avenues to overcome drug resistance, according to researchers at Duke Cancer Institute.
Cancer
Source: Duke University Medical Center
Posted on: Wednesday, May 08, 2013, 1:15pm
Rating: | Views: 1590 | Comments: 0
MicroRNA cooperation mutes breast cancer oncogenes
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study recently published in the journal Cell Death & Disease shows that turning up a few microRNAs a little may offer as much anti-breast-cancer activity as turning up one microRNA a lot – and without the unwanted side effects.
Molecular Biology
Source: University of Colorado Denver
Posted on: Wednesday, May 08, 2013, 12:15pm
Rating: | Views: 2260 | Comments: 0
Scientists find potential therapeutic target for Cushing's disease
Scientists at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies have identified a protein that drives the formation of pituitary tumors in Cushing's disease, a development that may give clinicians a therapeutic target to treat this potentially life-threatening disorder.
Molecular Biology
Source: Salk Institute
Posted on: Wednesday, May 08, 2013, 12:00pm
Rating: | Views: 2603 | Comments: 0
New insights into Ebola infection pave the way for much-needed therapies
The Ebola virus is among the deadliest viruses on the planet, killing up to 90% of those infected, and there are no approved vaccines or effective therapies. A study published by Cell Press on May 7th in the Biophysical Journal reveals how the most abundant protein making up the Ebola virus—viral protein 40 (VP40)—allows the virus to leave host cells and spread infection to other cells thro
Molecular Biology
Source: Cell Press
Posted on: Wednesday, May 08, 2013, 10:00am
Rating: | Views: 6275 | Comments: 0
Activity of cancer inducing genes can be controlled by the cell's skeleton
Cancer is a complex disease, in which cells undergo a series of alterations, including changes in their architecture; an increase in their ability to divide, to survive and to invade new tissues or metastasis. A category of genes, called oncogenes, is critical during cancer progression, as they codify proteins whose activity favours the development of cancer. One of these molecules, Src, is implic
Molecular Biology
Source: Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia
Posted on: Tuesday, May 07, 2013, 4:15pm
Rating: | Views: 2053 | Comments: 0
Scientists create personalized bone substitutes from skin cells
A team of New York Stem Cell Foundation (NYSCF) Research Institute scientists report today the generation of patient-specific bone substitutes from skin cells for repair of large bone defects. The study, led by Darja Marolt, PhD, a NYSCF-Helmsley Investigator and Giuseppe Maria de Peppo, PhD, a NYSCF Research Fellow, and published in the Proceedings of the National
Molecular Biology
Source: New York Stem Cell Foundation
Posted on: Tuesday, May 07, 2013, 11:15am
Rating: | Views: 1609 | Comments: 0
Video: Computer simulations reveal the energy landscape of ion channels
Every cell of our body is separated from its environment by a lipid bilayer. In order to maintain their biological function and to transduce signals, special proteins, so called ion channels, are embedded in the membrane.
Molecular Biology
Source: University of Vienna
Posted on: Monday, May 06, 2013, 10:15am
Rating: | Views: 2012 | Comments: 0
New mechanism discovered in meiosis
The Research Group headed by molecular biologist Andrea Pichler from the Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics in Freiburg has made an important discovery in meiosis research. Pichler and her group have identified a new mechanism that plays an important role in meiosis.
Molecular Biology
Source: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Posted on: Monday, May 06, 2013, 10:00am
Rating: | Views: 1634 | Comments: 0
Ebola's secret weapon revealed
Researchers have discovered the mechanism behind one of the Ebola virus' most dangerous attributes: its ability to disarm the adaptive immune system.
Molecular Biology
Source: University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston
Posted on: Friday, May 03, 2013, 1:45pm
Rating: | Views: 1852 | Comments: 0
Botox finds new wrinkle in brain communication
National Institutes of Health researchers used the popular anti-wrinkle agent Botox to discover a new and important role for a group of molecules that nerve cells use to quickly send messages. This novel role for the molecules, called SNARES, may be a missing piece that scientists have been searching for to fully understand how brain cells communicate under normal and disease conditions.
Molecular Biology
Source: NIH/National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
Posted on: Friday, May 03, 2013, 12:30pm
Rating: | Views: 3522 | Comments: 0
'Dark genome' is involved in Rett Syndrome
Researchers at the Epigenetics and Cancer Biology Program at IDIBELL led by Manel Esteller, ICREA researcher and professor of genetics at the University of Barcelona, have described alterations in noncoding long chain RNA sequences (lncRNA) in Rett syndrome.
Molecular Biology
Source: IDIBELL-Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute
Posted on: Friday, May 03, 2013, 12:15pm
Rating: | Views: 1893 | Comments: 0
Scientists create genetically altered mice to model human disease
Whitehead Institute Founding Member Rudolf Jaenisch, who helped transform the study of genetics by creating the first transgenic mouse in 1974, is again revolutionizing how genetically altered animal models are created and perhaps even redefining what species may serve as models.
Molecular Biology
Source: Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research
Posted on: Friday, May 03, 2013, 11:30am
Rating: | Views: 1796 | Comments: 0
It slices, it dices, it silences: ADAR1 as gene-silencing modular RNA multitool
RNA, once considered a bit player in the grand scheme by which genes encode protein, is increasingly seen to have a major role in human genetics. In a study presented in the April 25 issue of the journal Cell, researchers from The Wistar Institute discovered how the RNA-editing protein, ADAR1, also combines with the protein called Dicer to create microRNA (miRNA) and small interfering (siRN
Molecular Biology
Source: The Wistar Institute
Posted on: Thursday, May 02, 2013, 4:00pm
Rating: | Views: 5943 | Comments: 0
New molecule heralds hope for muscular dystrophy treatment
There's hope for patients with myotonic dystrophy. A new small molecule developed by researchers at the University of Illinois has been shown to break up the protein-RNA clusters that cause the disease in living human cells, an important first step toward developing a pharmaceutical treatment for the as-yet untreatable disease.
Molecular Biology
Source: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Posted on: Thursday, May 02, 2013, 2:00pm
Rating: | Views: 1663 | Comments: 0
Investigating devastating childhood diseases just got easier
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPScs) from the skin of patients with Dravet syndrome (DS) show Dravet-like functional impairment when they are converted into neurons, finds research in BioMed Central's open access journal Molecular Brain. This method provides a non-invasive way to investigate diseases which affect the nervous system of humans.
Neuroscience
Source: BioMed Central
Posted on: Thursday, May 02, 2013, 12:15pm
Rating: | Views: 1575 | Comments: 0
Membrane remodeling: Where yoga meets cell biology
Cells ingest proteins and engulf bacteria by a gymnastic, shape-shifting process called endocytosis. Researchers at the National Institutes of Health revealed how a key protein, dynamin, drives the action.
Molecular Biology
Source: NIH/National Institute of General Medical Sciences
Posted on: Wednesday, May 01, 2013, 2:15pm
Rating: | Views: 1660 | Comments: 0
Synthetic derivatives of THC may weaken HIV-1 infection to enhance antiviral therapies
A new use for compounds related in composition to the active ingredient in marijuana may be on the horizon: a new research report published in the Journal of Leukocyte Biology shows that compounds that stimulate the cannabinoid type 2 (CB2) receptor in white blood cells, specifically macrophages, appear to weaken HIV-1 infection. The CB2 receptor is the molecular link through which the pha
Molecular Biology
Source: Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
Posted on: Wednesday, May 01, 2013, 11:45am
Rating: | Views: 1637 | Comments: 0
Growing new arteries, bypassing blocked ones
Scientific collaborators from Yale School of Medicine and University College London (UCL) have uncovered the molecular pathway by which new arteries may form after heart attacks, strokes and other acute illnesses bypassing arteries that are blocked. Their study appears in the April 29 issue of Developmental Cell.
Development
Source: Yale University
Posted on: Tuesday, Apr 30, 2013, 11:30am
Rating: | Views: 1315 | Comments: 0
Hitting 'reset' in protein synthesis restores myelination
A potential new treatment strategy for patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is on the horizon, thanks to research by neuroscientists now at the University at Buffalo's Hunter James Kelly Research Institute and their colleagues in Italy and England.
Molecular Biology
Source: University at Buffalo
Posted on: Monday, Apr 29, 2013, 10:45am
Rating: | Views: 1531 | Comments: 0
Protein shaped like a spider
The protein C4BP is similar to a spider in its spatial form with eight "arms". The structure of the "spider body" has recently been described in detail by researchers from the Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI) in Braunschweig and the Technische Universität Darmstadt. This leads the scientists to unconventional ideas – the protein is possibly suitable as a scaffold for the transport of
Molecular Biology
Source: Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research
Posted on: Monday, Apr 29, 2013, 10:15am
Rating: | Views: 1499 | Comments: 0
Scientists create novel approach to find RNAs involved in long-term memory storage
Despite decades of research, relatively little is known about the identity of RNA molecules that are transported as part of the molecular process underpinning learning and memory.
Neuroscience
Source: Scripps Research Institute
Posted on: Friday, Apr 26, 2013, 2:45pm
Rating: | Views: 1371 | Comments: 0
Researchers identify key cellular organelle involved in gene silencing
RNA molecules, made from DNA, are best known for their role in protein production. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), however, are short (~22) nucleotide RNA sequences found in plants and animals that do not encode proteins but act in gene regulation and, in the process, impact almost all biological processes — from development to physiology to stress response.
Molecular Biology
Source: University of California - Riverside
Posted on: Friday, Apr 26, 2013, 1:30pm
Rating: | Views: 2059 | Comments: 0
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